I've been pondering how my decision-making, particularly in the area of ethics, has changed during the TTC process.
After being vegetarian since I was a teenager, I began eating salmon at the age of 37. The RE stressed the importance of DHA in infant development. My acupuncturist told me that I absolutely needed animal protein, but not just dairy and eggs. I read that soy can cause fertility problems for some women, and I'd been relying heavily on soy for my protein, and when I cut it out, I needed something to replace it. So after a few months of struggling, I started to eat wild salmon.
I have always thought that the dairy and egg industries are crueler to animals than wild fishing. I also had a rule that I couldn't eat meat unless I was morally capable of killing it myself, and I could picture catching and killing a fish in a way that I couldn't picture killing another animal. (The inconsistency here is that I really do have a problem with the egg/dairy industries and surely wouldn't eat cheese while watching a cow be industrially milked...)
So in a way, eating wild salmon was about as morally muddled as eating eggs/milk. Mainly, though, my desperation to have a baby meant that I would do things I wouldn't otherwise do. I ate supplements in gelatin capsules, something I didn't used to do. I surely bought products whose parent companies conducted animal tests.
I continued to eat salmon once a week when pregnant, and am doing so while nursing. I sometimes eat tilapia now too, and have had little bits of other fish. What stops me from eating other fish more often is concern with environmental contaminants, mostly.
What happened to my long-held morality? What happened to my supposedly solid ethical decision making?
In a way, my steadfastness about eating meat was more about being consistent than about morality, but after 20 years, I really thought I would never again eat meat. It seemed impossible. Though I did tell myself that fish wasn't completely out of the question--I thought that if I completely stopped eating dairy and eggs, I would allow myself to eat wild caught fish on occasion, if I wanted--I thought it was a fair moral trade off.
I continue to eat fish, and I tell myself I'll continue to do so while nursing. I crave the protein so badly. I hated when people used that argument for meateating and would list the other available sources of protein. I lived for years without animal flesh--why am I eating it now? I don't want to rely on soy and dairy and eggs, and I can only eat so many beans/legumes. But that's an excuse. People find a way if it's important to them.
Bottom line is that I'm putting my desire to feel good above the rights of other beings, and I'm struggling with this. Of course we always are making decisions that are better for us than others. If we wanted to act in a purely utilitarian way, we'd all be like that millionaire who gave away his money and his kidney. (I forgot his name.) All of our efforts and resources would go toward the greater good.
I, we, make selfish decisions all the time. But it's hard to live in such denial, the denial I have always lived with about eating dairy, about buying clothes manufactured in developing countries, about how people down the street are living, the wars going on in other countries. I have a comfortable bed and some people don't have homes. The pain of the world is omnipresent, and to some degree we have to tune it out to function.
But Peter Singer's essay on animal rights has always been the most compelling argument, in my mind, for veganism and abolishing animal testing (and animals as entertainment and pets). Here he quotes Jeremy Bentham: The question is not, Can they reason? nor, Can they talk? but, Can they suffer?
Singer says that avoiding suffering is something intrinsic to all animals that have the ability to suffer--and that we have a moral obligation to avoid inflicting suffering.
Something about utilitarianism is appealing to me, though I know it's not an ideal easily upheld. (Singer had an article on utilitarianism as it applies to global development issues and the world's billionaires in a recent New York Times magazine, and while I appreciate some of his argument, and find it boggling how much disparity there is among humans, I find some flaws in his logic. Pure utilitarianism really only works on paper, and even then it has holes, because we must always use OUR judgment to make decisions about what benefits the group, and OUR judgment is intrinsically biased toward us. Still, Bentham's assertion that the ability to suffer is what we should use as a criteria in evaluating our behavior toward other beings is as good as any logic I can find.)
Anyway. Here I am, knowing what I know, having the resources I have, and I'm still making the decision to contribute to the suffering of others. Yes, it's inevitable to avoid inflicting suffering. But we can mitigate it, and I'm not, in a host of ways, but eating fish is among them. It's not wrong for one species to eat another--it's "natural", whatever that means. But I have other options, and I still am eating fish.
I used to argue with people about animal rights, all the time. People would say "but if your child were sick, you'd believe in animal testing if it helped him/her". And I said that was true--that any decision, taken to a personal level, is made selfishly. I asserted that we shouldn't make policies based on how something feels to us on a personal level--we should use pure ethics.
I am now someone who would do anything for her son, and while I still think that animal testing is wrong, I also feel that it's impossible to keep ethical reasoning pure. It's just so much more complicated than I ever imagined. Motherhood is humbling, and muddling.